Chagas disease, a potentially life-threatening parasitic illness, is spreading in the United States, raising concerns among health officials. Once considered primarily a threat in Latin America, Chagas is now established in California and the Southern U.S., with infected insects found in 32 states.
What is Chagas Disease?
Chagas disease is caused by the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, which is transmitted through the bite of triatomine bugs, commonly known as "kissing bugs." These bugs typically bite people on the face while they sleep, hence the nickname. The parasite is spread when the bug's feces enter the bite wound, eyes, or mouth.
Many people infected with Chagas disease are unaware because the illness can remain dormant for years. Symptoms may not appear until serious complications arise, such as heart attacks or strokes. Acute reactions can include swollen limbs and eyes.
Where is Chagas Disease Spreading?
Research indicates that parasite-carrying kissing bugs have been found in 32 U.S. states, primarily in the southern half of the country. Human cases have been reported in Texas, California, Arizona, Louisiana, Tennessee, Missouri, Mississippi, and Arkansas. Infections have also been documented in animals, including dogs, opossums, raccoons, armadillos, and coyotes.
Why is This a Concern?
Experts are urging the World Health Organization and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to classify Chagas disease as endemic in the U.S. This designation would increase awareness, education, and public health investment in addressing the disease. Currently, in many states, Chagas disease is not a reportable illness, making it difficult to track the true extent of the problem.
Dr. Marc Siegel, Fox News senior medical analyst, notes that Chagas disease is already endemic in South and Central America and has now spread to the Southern U.S., taking hold among insects and animals. Raising awareness and implementing preventative measures are crucial steps in combating the spread of this "silent killer."